Suture locking mechanism

ABSTRACT

A flexible filament locking mechanism including spaced first and second toothed sections each having a plurality of opposing teeth, a filament-receiving region between the opposing teeth, a flexible filament or suture extending through the filament-receiving region, and means for moving the teeth of the toothed sections into and out of engagement to lock and unlock the flexible filament in place between the opposing teeth.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/040,519, filed Mar. 28, 2008, and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/363,984, filed Feb. 2, 2009, both incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD

Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to medical catheters and other devices designed to be removably anchored within a body cavity or outside the body by restraining a flexible filament or suture and, more particularly, to mechanisms for locking and unlocking the filaments in such catheters and in other medical applications.

BACKGROUND

Medical catheters are widely used for percutaneous drainage of fluid from body cavities. For example, such catheters may be used in percutaneous nephrostomy, and for drainage of abscesses, bile, cysts, pleural effusions, empyemas, mediastinal collections and ascites. Percutaneously inserted catheters are also used as gastrostomy feeding tubes. In these and similar drainage and feeding applications, the catheters are typically inserted over a previously emplaced guide wire or by direct puncture and insertion using a trocar stylus. Once in position in the body cavity with the proximal end of the catheter protruding from the body, such catheters typically are anchored by forming and maintaining a restraining configuration at the distal end of the catheter in the shape of a pigtail, a J-curve, or a malecot rib. It is very advantageous to include a locking mechanism near the proximal end of the catheter for reliably locking and unlocking the distal restraining portion by manipulating a flexible filament that controls the restraining portion from an access point where the catheter protrudes from the body.

Many known catheter anchoring systems include flexible filaments like suture attached to the distal ends of the catheters to form and maintain the distal end of the catheters in a restraining configuration. Such catheter anchoring systems include locking mechanisms at the proximal ends of the catheters to releaseably hold the suture or other flexible filament in a desired drawn-up restraining position. Currently available locking mechanisms in these catheter anchoring systems comprise, for example, stopcock-type locking mechanisms, flexible sleeve configurations to cover and restrain the suture, locking bushings, and various complex clamping structures.

Prior catheter anchoring systems are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,643,720 and 4,740,195. These anchoring systems use a stopcock feature to capture the suture that controls the restraining configuration of the catheter within the lumen of the catheter. The end of the suture exits the catheter directly through a proximal housing.

There are several problems associated with this system. First, in order to lock and unlock the system, the operator is required to use a special key device provided with the system. Unfortunately, when it comes time to remove the catheter, this key device may no longer be available and so the user will have to find a suitable tool that will properly function in lieu of the missing key device. Second, the positioning of the suture within the lumen of the housing is problematic. In particular, because the suture exits the proximal housing, it frequently ends up crossing the threaded interface between the catheter housing and the drainage device that the catheter is attached to. For example, when such catheters are attached to drainage collection bags, the presence of the suture across the threaded interface can cause leakage across the interface that is unpleasant for the patient and can create contamination risks for individuals who come in contact with the patient and/or the device.

Another commonly used catheter anchoring system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,399,165. This system utilizes a hinged lever with a cam feature to restrain the suture holding the restraining configuration of the catheter in place. Like the above device, this locking system cannot be unlocked without the use of a tool that needs to be identified and procured by the health care professional attempting to unlock the system.

The system of embodiments of the present invention requires no special tools for locking or unlocking. The user locks the system by moving a permanently mounted locking slide into a proximal position. To unlock the system, the user depresses a latch and moves the locking slide distally. Also, there is no leakage due to suture position since the free proximal control portion of the suture (flexible filament) that controls the restraining portion of the catheter exits the catheter lumen through a unique elastomeric cover positioned on the sidewall of the device and a seal sleeve which together ensure leakage-free operation. Also, since the suture does not pass through the proximal luer lock, it cannot interfere with the threaded interface to the collection device.

A prior art locking catheter system described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,522,400, assigned to the present assignee, is illustrated in FIG. 1. In this locking catheter system a flexible filament F passes through a compressible bushing B made of a conventional deformable sealing material like silicone. This bushing is disposed in a recess R in the housing of the device. When compressed, the bushing locks the flexible filament in place while maintaining a liquid and gas seal.

Another prior art locking catheter system believed to have been in the market since at least 1999 is sold under the SKATER® trademark by Angiotech Pharmaceutical (f.k.a. Medical Device Technologies, Inc.). A portion of the housing of this catheter is depicted in FIG. 2. As shown there, the housing of the SKATER catheter includes a seal recess R in the sidewall SW of the housing. A tube T is positioned in recess R and contains a deformable sealing material that fills the lumen of the tube. A flexible filament F passes through the deformable sealing material in order to limit system leakage as the suture passes through the recess.

Yet another catheter anchoring system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,217,256. A significant problem associated with this system, which is illustrated in FIG. 3, is that the deformable sealing material that is located in the sidewall recess of the device may not, in fact, reliably seal. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a flexible filament F passes through sealing material S which is confined in a seal recess R in a sidewall SW of the housing of the device. As in the case of the other prior art locking catheter systems discussed above, leakage experienced with this device will be problematic because it can be unpleasant for the patient and, more importantly it can also create contamination risks for individuals who come in contact with the patient or the device.

A medical device with a seal sleeve covering a port is shown in FIG. 4. This device is a urinary drainage bag having a sampling port P opening in the sidewall SW of the device and a piece of elastomeric tubing ET that fits over the port encircling and sealing the port when it is not in use. Sampling is carried out by passing a syringe needle through the tubing mounted over the port and withdrawing fluid. The elastomeric tubing maintains a seal against the syringe needle to prevent leakage. This device is believed to be first on market circa 1983.

Returning to FIG. 3, it is noted that the system of the '256 patent depicted there is also very difficult to unlock. To unlock the device, the user first needs to move a strain relief SR distally, which is difficult to accomplish because of the material of construction and the shape of the strain relief. Once the user moves the strain relief distally, he or she must simultaneously pry up the lock catch LC and move the slide SL distally. Given the size and shape of the lock catch, this maneuver is difficult and cumbersome to carry out.

In contrast, in the present catheter locking system, the user unlocks the system by simply depressing a latch and moving a locking slide distally which can be accomplished with one hand. Contoured surfaces on the locking slide make this maneuver particularly simple and efficient even when the user is wearing gloves and even if the gloves and slide surfaces are wet from bodily fluids.

Thus, prior art locking mechanisms are generally difficult to use. They are often less reliable than desired, may leak, and can be expensive to construct. Also, many have a high profile so that they stand away from the body and are inconvenient and uncomfortable to wear.

Additionally, many prior locking mechanisms lack a positive locking indication, leaving the physician uncertain as to whether or not the locking mechanism is fully and reliably engaged. Some prior locking mechanisms require a sealing compound to resist leakage from the catheter which may cause contamination or lead to failure of the seal. Finally, prior art locking mechanisms typically require two handed operation which make them unnecessarily difficult and cumbersome to use.

Embodiments of the present invention solve these problems by providing a flexible filament locking mechanism that is easy to assemble, economical to manufacture, has a low profile, can be manipulated between its locked and unlocked positions with one hand, and includes a positive indication of when it is locked. The locking mechanism of embodiments of the present invention, which may be used with or without a catheter, also accommodates a range of different flexible filament diameters. When used with the catheter described below, it provides a highly reliable seal without the use of sealing compounds to prevent leakage where the portion of the filament that controls the restraining portion of the catheter emerges from the catheter, and it includes a feature to facilitate storage of excess filament material when the filament is in its drawn-up restraining position.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention comprise a leak-proof flexible filament controlled locking medical catheter. The catheter has a hollow flexible tube with a lumen, a flexible filament passing through the lumen, and at least one drainage or feeding hole in communication with the lumen. A restraining portion is located at the distal end of the flexible tube and is controlled by manipulating a free proximal control portion of the flexible filament.

A housing is located at the proximal end of the flexible tube. The housing has a lumen in fluid communication with the lumen of the flexible tube. A portion of the flexible filament resides in the lumen of the tube and the lumen of the housing and the proximal control portion of the flexible filament passes through an open port in the wall of the housing. The sidewall of the housing has a valley-shaped contour above the port and a resilient elastomeric cover on the sidewall contour and over the port, with a seal sleeve encircling the cover and the housing. The flexible filament which emerges from the open port passes through the cover and the interface established between the cover and the seal sleeve. The interface established between the elastomeric cover and the seal sleeve ensures a particularly effective fluid seal along the flexible filament. Thus, as the user pulls on or releases the free proximal control portion of the flexible filament to alter the state of the catheter control portion, the filament moves through the lumen of the tube, the lumen of the housing, the elastomeric cover and the interface between the elastomeric cover and the seal sleeve to provide a secure and reliable fluid-tight seal.

Although various locking mechanisms may be used in conjunction with the locking medical catheter described above, particularly preferred locking mechanism which may be used with and without a catheter are described in some detail below. The preferred locking mechanisms rely upon spaced corresponding teeth between which a free proximal control portion of the flexible filament passes. Means are provided for moving the teeth into tight engagement for trapping the flexible filament therebetween and fixing it in place.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The features of embodiments of this invention that are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The various embodiments of the invention, together with its objects and advantages, may be best understood with reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like elements in the figures, and in which:

FIGS. 1-4 depict portions of prior art locking medical catheters and a urinary drainage bag sampling port;

FIG. 5 is a section view of a locking medical catheter in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are partial section views of the housing portion of the medical catheter of FIG. 5, illustrating the overmolding of the elastomeric cover of the above embodiment and the interface between the cover and a seal sleeve over the cover;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the housing portion of the medical catheter of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is another perspective view of the housing portion of the medical catheter depicted in FIG. 5, showing the elastomeric cover over the valley-shaped contour in the sidewall of the catheter;

FIG. 9 is a section view of the housing portion of FIG. 8 taken along lines 9-9 of FIG. 8 through the elastomeric cover and the valley-shaped contour;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the elastomeric cover appearing in FIGS. 5, 6A, 8 and 9;

FIG. 11 is a section view, taken along section line 11-11 of FIG. 5, of the spring clamp feature and the portion of the housing of the medical catheter of FIG. 5 that retains the spring clamp;

FIG. 12 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the annular locking slide of the medical catheter of FIG. 5;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are partial cutaway plan views of the locking mechanism of the medical catheter of FIG. 5 with the annular locking sleeve respectively in the “opened” and “closed” positions;

FIGS. 14A and 14B are views of the distal restraining portion of the locking medical catheter of FIG. 5 showing respectively a straight configuration with, e.g., a cannula is positioned within the lumen of the tube, and a closed and locked pigtail restraining configuration;

FIG. 15 is a cutaway elevation view of a hollow needle that may be used for passing a flexible filament through the elastomeric cover appearing in FIGS. 5, 6A, 8 and 9; and

FIGS. 16A and 16B are perspective views of a flexible filament suture clamp designed to be applied to a suture protruding from a patient's body to prevent the suture from pulling back within the body.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Turning to FIG. 5, there is depicted a catheter 10 in accordance with the present invention, including a hollow flexible tube 12 with a proximal end 14, a distal end 16 and a restraining portion 18 at its distal end. The restraining portion of the tube includes at least one drainage (or feeding) hole 20 and, as shown, preferably a plurality of drainage (or feeding) holes. The hollow flexible tube may be made of polyurethane, polyethylene, EVA, nylon, or any other suitable flexible material acceptable for medical applications. The length of the tube, including restraining portion 18, may vary depending on the desired medical application.

As shown in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 5, restraining portion 18 is in the form of a pigtail 22 which may be preformed at the distal end of the tube (as shown), so that the distal end forms this curved pigtail configuration when unstressed. The desired curve may be formed, for example, by heating the catheter tube while it is over a curved mandrel so that the tube will take on the shape of the mandrel when in its unstressed or resting position. Other preformed restraining configurations may be used, such as a J-curve or a malecot rib, or the restraining portion may be generally straight at rest until drawn into a curved locking configuration.

A locking mechanism 32 is also provided in accordance with embodiments of the invention. The locking mechanism includes a housing 34 attached to the proximal end 14 of tube 12 of the catheter by gluing or by otherwise fixing the flexible tube inside nipple 36 of the housing. The gluing may be done using, for example, a cyanoacrylate compound that is coated 360° about the end of the tube before it is placed inside the nipple. Also, an optional stress relief sleeve 37 may be heat shrunk to the outside of the nipple and tube to minimize kinking Housing 34 preferably will be molded from polycarbonate plastic or, alternatively, it may be made from other structural plastics such as ABS, polyurethane or nylon.

A luer lock 44 may be affixed to the proximal end of the housing with the distal nipple 46 of the luer lock seated in a receiving cavity 48 of the housing and sealed in place using an appropriate adhesive. The lumen 50 of the luer lock, the lumen 52 of the housing and the lumen 54 of the tube are all in communication to permit fluid to be conveyed through the catheter. Also, a flexible filament such as suture 24 is anchored with adhesive at the interface of the receiving cavity and the luer lock (or as otherwise desired) beyond the proximal end 14 of the tube at point 28 in the housing and is passed through lumen 54 of the tube. Preferably the flexible filament will be non-woven and non-porous and will be suture made from a suitable biocompatible material such as nylon. Luer lock 44 may be molded from polycarbonate plastic, or it may be made from other structural plastics such as ABS, polyurethane or nylon.

As can be seen in FIGS. 6-9, the sidewall 29 of the housing has a valley-shaped contour 31 extending across the top face 33 of the housing. The lumen 52 of the housing intersects this valley-shaped contour forming an open port 35 in outer wall 29 of the housing.

A resilient, elastomeric cover 61 (FIG. 10) extends across and covers valley-shaped contour 31, and is preferably formed by overmolding it in place. In order to prevent the elastomeric material of the cover from entering into open port 35 obstructing lumen 52 when the elastomeric cover is overmolded in place, a core pin 63 is positioned within housing lumen 52 during the overmolding process, as shown in FIG. 6B. At the completion of the overmolding process, core pin 63 is removed. This process produces a slot 67 in the face of the elastomeric cover as best seen in FIG. 9. In a preferred embodiment, the cover material is silicone and possesses self-adhesive properties such that it permanently adheres to the outside of the housing along the valley-shaped contour. One currently preferred such silicone is SELECT-HESIVE™ KE2090-50AB which has a 50A durometer. This material is available from Shincor Silicones, Inc. of Akron, Ohio.

A generally cylindrical, preferably extruded seal sleeve 58 (FIG. 6A) is mounted on the housing following the suture positioning process described below. Seal sleeve 58 may be made of a medical grade silicone or other suitable elastomeric material. Seal sleeve 58 fits snugly over and encircles the housing and cover 61 to insure that, during use of the device, fluids cannot pass through or around the interface 71 established between the cover and the sleeve or along the flexible filament. In an alternative embodiment, the suture may be passed through both elastomeric cover 61 as well as seal sleeve 58. In yet another alternative embodiment, the suture is passed through both elastomeric cover 61 and the heat shrinkable tube 65 described below for use in lieu of seal sleeve 58.

Seal sleeve 58 preferably rests in an annular slot 63 in the housing as shown. The resulting unexpectedly high resistance to leakage provided by the combination of the cover and seal sleeve is particularly useful when high pressures are generated within the lumen of the catheter such as when, for example, a physician attempts to unclog a catheter by injecting saline solution into the housing of the catheter. Optionally, a heat-shrinkable tube 65 may be used in place of elastomeric seal sleeve 58. If a heat-shrinkable tube is used, it preferably will be a thermoplastic, thin-walled tube made from PVC or other shrinkable material that shrinks upon application of a pre-determined heating temperature.

As best seen in FIG. 7, housing 34 may incorporate resilient proximally-directed locking wings 57 which may be molded with bottom clearance as shown to accommodate an inward spring action. When the annular locking slide 60 (see discussion below and FIG. 12) is mounted onto the housing, wings 57 engage slide undercut 73 (FIG. 12) to prevent the locking slide from detaching from the housing distally after the device is assembled.

Turning now to FIG. 11, a spring clamp 110 is shown in cross-section mounted onto housing 34. The spring clamp seats into the housing at annular channel 111 and is protected by a cover 109. Spring clamp 110 can be bonded to the housing at channel 111 with an appropriate bonding agent, but this is not mandatory since annular locking slide 60 (see below) will retain the clamp in position. The spring clamp includes a toothed section 112 with teeth 113 for engaging a toothed section 119 with corresponding opposing teeth 115 and a filament-receiving region 121 between the opposing teeth. As can be seen in this figure, the teeth comprise a series of protrusions 123 and recesses 125 positioned and dimensioned so that the peaks 127 of protrusions 123 of each of the toothed sections rest in the bottoms of the recesses of the opposing toothed section when the locking mechanism is locked as illustrated in FIG. 13B. Finally, as can be seen in FIG. 11, protrusions 123 and recesses 125 form a zigzag pattern 129.

An integral pressure spring finger 114 is located on the spring clamp opposite the toothed section. Pressure spring finger 114 applies a clamping force to toothed section 112 during device use to cause the teeth of the spring clamp and the housing to tightly engage, trapping the flexible filament therebetween and fixing it in place. The spring clamp also incorporates a lock spring arm 116. A latch portion 118 of lock spring arm 116 engages locking surface 69 of slide 60 (FIG. 12) to removably lock the slide in place when the device is in the closed position.

Also, a clapper finger 117 may be included in lock spring 116 to create an audible click when the device is locked as the clapper finger strikes the undersurface of the slide. The click is produced because latch portion 118 flexes downwardly as the slide is pushed back and when it reaches surface 69 it springs up and hits the underside of the slide making an audible click sound. The audible click signals to the user that the device is, in fact, locked.

Spring clamp 110 may be molded from a polyimide plastic such as Ultem plastic. Ultem plastic is available from SABIC Innovative Plastics in Pittsfield, Mass. Alternatively, it may be made from other structural plastics such as polycarbonate, polyurethane, nylon or Noryl® plastic. Noryl plastic is available also from SABIC Innovative Plastics.

An annular locking slide 60 as depicted, for example, in FIG. 12 is mounted for sliding movement on housing 34. Locking slide 60 is designed with an inner undercut 73. Undercut 73 together with locking wings 57 (FIG. 7) prevent the sleeve from detaching from the housing distally after the device is assembled, as explained above. Locking slide 60 also incorporates a storage stress relief undercut area 64. Latch portion 118 of the lock spring 116 (FIG. 11) resides in this stress relief area when, for example, the device is being stored in its package awaiting use by a physician. The storage stress relief area prevents the plastic of lock spring 116 from deforming and taking a set before it is used. Locking slide housing 60 may be molded from polycarbonate plastic, or it may be made from other structural plastics such as ABS, polyurethane or nylon. Locking mechanism 32 is in its “unlocked” configuration when the sleeve is in the position of FIG. 13A and in its “locked” configuration when the sleeve is in the position of FIG. 13B.

Referring back to FIG. 5, two O-rings 62 rest in a storage groove 66 adjacent the proximal end of the housing. The O-rings are preferably made of EPDM although they can be made from any acceptable elastomeric material. An annular collar 42 is molded onto the housing just distally of O-rings 62. The sliding movement of the sleeve is therefore limited such that it cannot move proximally beyond annular collar 42.

As discussed above and illustrated in FIG. 5, suture 24 is anchored at 28. The suture passes distally from this anchoring point through lumen 54 to a hole 82 near the distal end of tube 12 where it emerges from the tube and the returning portion 24R of the suture is passed back into the lumen through a more proximally positioned hole 84. The free proximal control portion 88 of the suture passes through lumen 54, open port 35, and cover 61, across the toothed section of the housing 113 and beyond the proximal end of the housing. Seal sleeve 58 is then placed over the suture-bearing cover to capture the suture in cover-to-seal sleeve interface 71. In an alternative embodiment, the suture is passed through the interface between cover 61 and a heat shrinkable tube 65 that is “heat shrunk” in place and used instead of seal sleeve 58, as described previously.

Suture 24 is free to slide proximally or distally including through cover 61 and cover-to-seal sleeve interface 71 so long as the locking mechanism is in the “unlocked” position of FIG. 13A. The resilient and elastomeric characteristics of the cover and seal sleeve (or the heat shrinkable tube) ensure a gas and liquid seal about the surface of the suture both as it is moved back and forth through flexible tube 12 and when the device and the suture are locked in position. In one alternative embodiment, the suture is passed through cover 61 and the interface between the cover and the heat shrinkable tube 65 described previously for use in lieu of seal sleeve 58.

Referring again to FIG. 5, a ring 86 may be attached to the proximal end 88 of the suture to facilitate grasping the free proximal control portion of the suture to draw it through the cylindrical tube thereby placing restraining portion 18 in the constraining configuration of FIGS. 5 and 14B before locking the suture and hence the restraining portion in place. Once the catheter is locked in this configuration, excess suture may be stored in storage groove 66 by winding the free proximal control portion of the suture into the spaces next to and/or between the O-rings 62. Ring 86 can be cut off and discarded after the suture is stored by cutting the suture below the ring. If the physician does not desire to store the excess suture after the device is placed in its fully locked position, the suture can simply be cut close to luer lock 44 without using storage groove 66.

A particularly effective process for passing suture 24 through cover 61 entails the use of a hollow needle (FIG. 15). One such needle 100 having a cannula 102, a needle channel 104, a beveled tip 106 and a base 108 is shown in FIG. 15. Grasping the base 108 of the needle, the installer may pass needle cannula 102 through cover 61, then feed suture through channel 104 and out past the needle tip. Finally, separately grasping base 108 and suture end 24R, the installer removes the cannula from cover 61, so that the suture remains embedded within and passing through the cover.

The locking medical catheter of embodiments of the invention may be used as follows:

1. Drainage and insertion sites are selected and prepared using appropriate known techniques and a guidewire is inserted into the drainage site. (Note: This description describes the “over-the-guidewire” introduction technique. Some physicians also use a “direct puncture” technique in some circumstances. Embodiments of the invention are equally useful when performing the direct puncture technique where a trocar is used in place of the guidewire. The locking mechanism is identical for both catheter introduction methods).

2. A catheter in accordance with FIG. 5 (or otherwise in accordance with embodiments of the invention) is provided with locking mechanism 32 in the unlocked position of FIG. 13A.

3. A cannula (not shown) is then inserted into tube 12 of the catheter to maintain restraining portion 18 of the tube in a straight configuration (FIG. 14A) so that the catheter may be passed over the previously emplaced guidewire into the drainage site while monitoring using non-invasive imaging such as fluoroscopy, CT (computed tomography) or ultrasound to ensure that restraining portion 18 is properly positioned within the cavity. The proximal end of the catheter including the locking mechanism will be outside of the patient's body close to the skin surface at the entry point into the body. At this point, the cannula and guidewire are removed.

4. When the cannula is removed, the restraining portion of tube 12 curls into its preformed unstressed pigtail configuration (FIG. 5). The physician then pulls upon suture 24 drawing it through resilient cover 61 to remove any slack and optionally to further curl the pigtail (FIG. 14B).

5. Locking slide 60 is then moved proximally to its locked position (FIG. 13B), compressing pressure spring 114 to maintain the toothed section on the spring clamp 112 in engagement with the toothed section on the housing 113 thereby trapping the suture between the two toothed surfaces. Additionally, when the proximally moving slide housing 60 reaches collar 42 (in the locked position of the device) lock spring 116 causes latch 118 to move upwardly and to engage distal locking surface 65 of slide 60 thereby fixing the device in the locked position. Simultaneously with this, clapper finger 117 on the lock spring strikes the underside of slide 60 creating an audible click. This click signals to the physician that the device is in its fully locked position.

6. If desired, excess suture may be wound onto the housing and removably retained in and among the spaces between the O-rings 62 and groove 66 in which the O-rings are mounted, and then ring 86 may be cut away. If the physician does not desire to store the suture in this manner, the suture is simply cut close to the housing after the device is locked.

7. Luer lock 44 is then attached to an appropriate drainage collection system and fluid is drained as appropriate.

8. Once the drainage procedure is completed and the catheter is to be removed, the drainage device is disconnected from the catheter. If suture was stored using the O-rings and groove 66, the suture is unwound. Latch 118 is then depressed to release the locking slide 60, and the slide is moved to the unlocked (distal) position. This slide movement releases the spring clamp and, hence the suture and retention feature, and the catheter may now be removed from the cavity.

9. A like procedure can be used when the locking catheter is to be used for feeding purposes.

Turning now to FIGS. 16A and 16B, a suture clamp 200 is shown which may be used, for example, to clamp a suture outside the body in a gastropexy procedure. The clamp includes first and second toothed sections 202, 204 pivotally connected along a hinge 206 which runs along a common edge where the toothed portions meet. The toothed sections preferably are made of a medically acceptable plastic resin and the hinge preferably is a living hinge. The outer edges of the two toothed members may be provided with a corrugated surface 207 to facilitate manipulation of the suture clamp.

The corresponding inwardly directed faces 208 and 210 of the first and second toothed sections each have a plurality of opposing teeth 212. The toothed sections define a filament-receiving region 214 between the toothed sections when they are in the open or unlocked position illustrated in FIG. 16A.

Toothed sections 202 and 204 have a series of protrusions 216 and recesses 218 positioned and dimensioned on faces 208 and 210 so that the protrusions of each of the toothed sections rest in the recesses of the opposed toothed sections when the device is locked. (FIG. 16B) These protrusions and recesses thus form a zigzag pattern. The peaks 213 of the protrusions thus preferably fit within and extend to the bottom of the recesses.

Clamp 200 is also provided with a flexible latch arm 220 projecting from toothed section 202. The latch arm preferably is molded into the toothed section and has an undercut 222 to facilitate flexure of the latch arm. The latch arm includes an inwardly directed locking hook 224 at its distal end. The locking hook includes an inner flat base portion 226.

Toothed section 204 is provided with an outer wall section 228 having an undercut cavity 230 spaced from face 210 of the toothed section. The width “W” of wall section 228 is arranged to insure that when clamp 200 is locked in place (as discussed below), opposing teeth 212 are in tight engagement.

Finally, FIG. 16A shows a flexible filament or suture 232 which protrudes from the skin of a patient at a skin exit point 233. Clamp 200 in its open position is positioned about the suture so that the suture extends through filament-receiving region 214. Foam cushions 234 may be bonded or otherwise attached to the bottom surfaces 236 of the suture clamp to cushion the bottom of the clamp where it abuts the patient's skin surface.

Turning now to FIG. 16B, clamp 200 is shown in its fully closed and locked position. In order to reach this position, toothed sections 202 and 204 are pivoted about hinge 206 by pressing the opposite edges of the first and second toothed sections along their outer corrugated surfaces 207 until latch hook 224 of latch arm 220 engages and moves across wall section 228. The latch arm, which is biased inwardly, flexes outwardly as this motion proceeds until hook 224 reaches cavity 230 and snaps into place in the cavity locking the suture clamp in a fully closed position so that the suture is fixed in place.

When it is desired to release the suture, latch arm 220 is simply grasped and flexed away from toothed section 204 so that latch hook 224 clears the bottom surface 238 of cavity 230 and the two toothed sections are pivoted away from each other removing the retention pressure on the suture which may then be drawn down through the skin exit point.

All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.

The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing embodiments of the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of embodiments of the invention.

Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that the illustrated embodiments are exemplary only, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A flexible filament locking mechanism comprising: spaced first and second toothed sections, each with a plurality of opposing teeth, the first and second toothed sections defining a filament-receiving region between the opposing teeth; a flexible filament extending through the filament-receiving region; and a locking mechanism for moving the teeth of the toothed sections into and out of engagement to lock and unlock the flexible filament in place between the opposing teeth, the locking mechanism including a housing with the first toothed section formed into the housing, and a spring clamp on the housing, with the second toothed section formed into the spring clamp; a locking slide movable toward the toothed sections for urging the teeth of the first and second toothed sections into engagement against the filament, the locking slide having a locking surface; and the spring clamp including a lock spring arm with a latch portion for engaging the locking surface of the slide to lock the locking slide in place when the teeth of the first and second toothed sections are in engagement against the filament.
 2. The locking mechanism of claim 1 in which the toothed sections each comprise a series of protrusions and recesses and the protrusions of each toothed section are positioned and dimensioned to rest in the recesses of the opposing toothed section when the locking mechanism is locked.
 3. The locking mechanism of claim 2 in which the protrusions and recesses form a zig zag pattern.
 4. The locking mechanism of claim 2 in which the protrusions have peaks that fit within the recesses.
 5. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 including a spring for applying pressure to the spring clamp to trap the flexible filament between the first and second toothed sections when the locking mechanism is locked.
 6. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 including a locking slide for urging the teeth of the first and second toothed sections into engagement against the filament.
 7. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 in which an end of the latch portion extends outside of the slide when the latch portion engages the locking surface of the slide and the latch position is adapted to be moved out of the way of the locking surface of the slide by pressing on the latch position end thereby permitting the locking slide to be moved away from the toothed sections and the toothed section to be disengaged.
 8. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 in which the latch portion includes a flexible clapper finger arranged to strike the slide to produce an audible click when the device is locked.
 9. The locking mechanism of claim 8 in which the flexible clapper finger is part of the lock spring and is structured and positioned to flex downwardly as the slide is pushed back and to spring up when it reaches the locking surface hitting the underside of the slide to make an audible sound.
 10. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 in which the inner surface of the locking slide is structured and arranged to engage and compress the lock spring arm to maintain the opposing teeth in engagement thereby trapping the flexible filament between the first and second toothed sections.
 11. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 in which the locking slide has a stress relief clearance area for storing the lock spring arm in an unstressed configuration before the locking slide is moved toward the toothed sections.
 12. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 in which the first and second toothed sections are attached along a common edge by a hinge and includes a latch opposite the hinge to lock the first and second toothed sections together.
 13. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 12 including a resilient member affixed to the backs of the first and second toothed sections.
 14. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 1 further comprising: a hollow flexible tube having a lumen and the flexible filament passing through the lumen; a housing at the proximal end of the flexible tube, the housing having a lumen in fluid communication with the lumen of the flexible tube; and the spaced first and second toothed sections being formed into the housing with a spring clamp mounted on the housing and the second toothed section formed into the spring clamp.
 15. A flexible filament locking mechanism comprising: a housing having a first toothed section and a spring clamp mounted on the housing having an opposed second toothed section, each of the toothed sections having a plurality of opposing teeth, the first and second toothed sections defining a filament-receiving region between the opposing teeth; the locking mechanism further including a locking slide with a locking surface for urging the teeth into engagement against a filament; a pressure spring for applying force to the spring clamp when the locking mechanism is in a locked configuration, the spring clamp including a lock spring arm having a latch portion for engaging the locking surface of the slide to removably lock the locking slide in place; and a flexible filament extending through the filament-receiving region.
 16. The locking mechanism of claim 15 in which the toothed sections each comprise a series of protrusions and recesses and the protrusions of each toothed section are positioned and dimensioned to rest in the recesses of the opposing toothed section when the locking mechanism is locked.
 17. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 15 in which the latch portion includes a clapper finger for striking the slide to produce an audible click when the device is locked.
 18. A flexible filament controlled locking medical catheter comprising: a hollow flexible tube having a lumen and a flexible filament passing through the lumen; a housing at the proximal end of the flexible tube, the housing having a lumen in fluid communication with the lumen of the flexible tube, a flexible filament locking mechanism with spaced first and second toothed sections and a spring clamp, each of the toothed sections having a plurality of opposing teeth, the first and second toothed sections defining a filament-receiving region between the opposing teeth; the flexible filament passing through the lumen of the tube, through the lumen of the housing and through the filament-receiving region of the locking mechanism; a locking mechanism for moving the teeth of the toothed sections into engagement to reversibly lock the flexible filament in place; and a pressure spring for applying force to the spring clamp when the locking mechanism is in a locked configuration, the locking mechanism further including a locking slide with a locking surface for urging the teeth into engagement against the filament.
 19. The flexible filament controlled locking medical catheter of claim 18 in which the first toothed section is formed into the housing, a spring clamp is mounted on the housing; and the second toothed section is formed into the spring clamp.
 20. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 18 in which the spring clamp includes a lock spring arm having a latch portion for engaging the locking surface of the slide to removably lock the locking slide in place.
 21. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 20 in which the latch portion includes a clapper finger for striking the slide to produce an audible click when the device is locked.
 22. The flexible filament locking mechanism of claim 20 in which the locking slide has a stress relief clearance area for storing the lock spring arm in an unstressed configuration before the locking slide is moved toward the toothed sections. 